:: Linux tune-up ::

CD/DVD eject - disable lock

2007-08-19T11:05:00.000-04:00


#sudo echo "dev.cdrom.lock=0" >> /etc/sysctl.conf

kqemu - backport from 'feisty' to 'dapper'

2007-05-26T19:47:00.000-04:00

Edit apt sources:


#sudo vi /etc/apt/sources.list

--8<--
## Ubuntu source packages for backporting to older releases deb-src http://mirrors.easynews.com/linux/ubuntu feisty main restricted universe
-->8--

Update, build dependencies and install:


#sudo aptitude update
#sudo apt-get build-dep kqemu
#sudo apt-get source --build kqemu
#sudo dpkg -i *.deb
#sudo module-assistant prepare kqemu
#sudo module-assistant auto-install kqemu

Edit udev rules:


#sudo vi /etc/udev/rules.d/60-kqemu.rules

--8<--
KERNEL=="kqemu", NAME="%k", MODE="0660", GROUP="kqemu"
-->8--

Edit 'kqemu' modprobe.d options:


#sudo vi /etc/modprobe.d/kqemu

--8<--
options kqemu major=0
-->8--

Add user and group:


#sudo addgroup --system kqemu
#sudo adduser your_username kqemu

Load 'kqemu' kernel module:


#sudo modprobe kqemu

qemu

2007-05-21T11:23:00.000-04:00

Create a virtual HDD:


#qemu-img create hda.img 5G

Set 512MB of virtual memory, allow access to a virtual HDD and boot from a virtual CD using an ISO file:


#qemu -m 512 -hda hda.img -cdrom ubuntu-7.04-desktop-i386.iso -boot d

-boot a, c, d = floppy drive, hard drive, optical drive respectively
-no-kqemu = if kqemu kernel module not present

Boot from a virtual HDD:


#qemu -m 512 -hda hda.img

Convert a "RAW" HDD image to a "QCOW" compressed image:


#qemu-img convert -c hda.img -O qcow harddiskimage.img

Check image type:


#qemu-img info hda.img

image: hda.img
file format: raw
virtual size: 5.0G (5368709120 bytes)
disk size: 2.3G


#qemu-img info harddiskimage.img

image: harddiskimage.img
file format: qcow
virtual size: 5.0G (5368709120 bytes)
disk size: 891M

CTRL+ALT+2 = qemu console

Save virtual memory state:


(qemu) savevm dump.img

Load virtual memory state:


(qemu) loadvm dump.img

CTRL+ALT+1 = qemu main screen

Start qemu using a hard drive image and restore saved memory state:


#qemu -m 512 -hda hda.img -loadvm dump.img

PDF electronic signature

2007-04-30T11:52:00.001-04:00

Required tools:

imagemagick
pdftk

1. Split multi-page PDF into single pages.


#pdftk offer.pdf burst
#ls
pg_0001.pdf pg_0002.pdf pg_0003.pdf pg_0004.pdf

2. Convert the signature page to an image.


#convert -density 200 pg_0004.pdf pg_0004.png

Experiment with -density to get the best quality.

3. Sign a blank sheet of paper. Take a picture with a digicam. Edit the document image with your favourite image manipulation application (I used KolourPaint) and add your signature.

4. Convert the image back to PDF.


#convert pg_0004.png pg_0004_sig.pdf

5. Merge all pages into a single document.


#pdftk pg_0001.pdf pg_0002.pdf pg_0003.pdf pg_0004_sig.pdf cat output offer_sig.pdf

DPI - change from 75 to 96

2007-04-23T15:27:00.000-04:00

There is no one standard DPI. It is actually determined based on monitor size values from DDC given the screen resolution. If DDC does not specify the size, 75 DPI is used by default.

Unlike GNOME, KDE does not force DPI anywhere in its settings. So, when you run KDE and GNOME applications side by side, the font sizes will differ.

When I switch from "nvidia" to the binary "nv" driver, it always sets 75 DPI for my BenQ FP731. To force 96 DPI which will produce consistent font sizes for GNOME, KDE, XFCE and all other applications, I need to edit the display manager's configuration.

Here is how to do it in Xubuntu:


#sudo vi /etc/X11/gdm/gdm-cdd.conf

--8<--
# Definition of the standard X server.
[server-Standard]
name=Standard server
command=/usr/bin/X -br -audit 0 -dpi 96
-->8--

To do it the really easy way using the GDM setup GUI tool:


#sudo gdmsetup

Add the DPI setting in Security > Configure X Server > Command.

The same for KDE greeter:


#sudo vi /etc/kde3/kdm/kdmrc

--8<--
[X-:*-Core]
AllowNullPasswd=true
AllowShutdown=All
NoPassEnable=false
NoPassUsers=
ServerArgsLocal=-nolisten tcp -dpi 96
ServerCmd=/usr/X11R6/bin/X -br
-->8--

nVIDIA binary driver freq fix (Feisty)

2007-04-23T13:53:00.000-04:00

When some people switch to the nVIDIA binary driver ("nvidia" as opposed to "nv"), they can no longer access their desktop. For example, my old BenQ FP731 LCD goes black&blank and displays "Out of range".

Here is the fix:


#vi /etc/X11/xorg.conf

Section "Device"
       Identifier      "nVidia Corporation NV34 [GeForce FX 5200]"
       Driver          "nvidia"
       Busid           "PCI:1:0:0"
       Option          "AddARGBVisuals"        "True"
       Option          "AddARGBGLXVisuals"     "True"
       Option          "NoLogo"                "True"
       Option          "UseEdid"               "False"
       #Option         "UseEdidDpi"            "False"
       #Option         "DPI"                   "96 x 96"
EndSection

The "UseEdidDpi" and "DPI" options can be used to set the DPI to 96. These settings are specific to nVIDIA gfx chips but there is another way to set a sane DPI...

Airlink101 AWLL3026 wireless USB adapter

2007-04-06T14:37:00.001-04:00

Created Ubuntu wiki instead of posting here.

Aliases: ls, cp, mv, rm, less

2007-03-04T17:37:00.000-05:00

# vi ~/.bashrc


alias ll='ls -l'
alias la='ls -A'

# F=classify (append file type indicators), p=append directory indicator,
# s=print file sizes, h=sizes human readable, C=list by columns,
# 1=list in single column, X=sort by extension, S=sort by size,
# t=sort by modification time, u=sort by access time, r=reverse sort
#alias l='ls -psh1X'
alias l='ls -FshC'

alias cp='cp -iv'
alias mv='mv -iv'
alias rm='rm -iv'

# don't overwrite files when redirecting output
set -o noclobber

# g=highlight search, I=ignore case, M=long prompt,
# S=chop long lines (don't fold/wrap), Q=quiet (no bell),
# w=highlight first unread line after scroll, ~=don't show tilde at EOF,
#        #n=shift n step(s) when scrolling horizontally
alias less='less -gIMSQW~#2'

Backport 'MPD' to Dapper using Edgy source package

2006-11-18T20:24:00.000-05:00

# sudo -i
# vi /etc/apt/sources.list


deb-src http://mirrors.kernel.org/ubuntu/ edgy universe

# apt-get update
# apt-get build-dep mpd
# apt-get source --build mpd
# dpkg -i mpd_0.12.1-1ubuntu1_i386.deb

Compile 'darkice' with mp3 support

2006-11-16T00:24:00.000-05:00

# sudo apt-get install liblame-dev
# sudo vi /etc/apt/sources.list


deb-src http://archive.ubuntu.com/ubuntu/ dapper main restricted universe multiverse

# sudo apt-get update
# sudo apt-get build-dep darkice

# vi darkice-0.16/debian/rules


#!/usr/bin/make -f
include /usr/share/cdbs/1/rules/debhelper.mk
include /usr/share/cdbs/1/class/autotools.mk

DEB_CONFIGURE_EXTRA_FLAGS := --prefix=/usr --sysconfdir=/usr/share/doc/darkice/examples --with-lame

# sudo apt-get source --build darkice
# sudo dpkg -i darkice_0.16-1_i386.deb

Chaintech AV-710 (VIA ICEnsemble Envy24HT-S VT1721) digital optical output SPDIF

2006-11-13T00:14:00.000-05:00

# sudo vi /var/lib/alsa/asound.state

state.AV710 {
control.1 {
comment.access 'read write'
comment.type BOOLEAN
comment.count 1
iface MIXER
name 'Master Playback Switch'
value true
}
control.2 {
comment.access 'read write'
comment.type INTEGER
comment.count 2
comment.range '0 - 31'
iface MIXER
name 'Master Playback Volume'
value.0 15
value.1 15
}
control.3 {
comment.access 'read write'
comment.type BOOLEAN
comment.count 1
iface MIXER
name 'Center Playback Switch'
value false
}
control.4 {
comment.access 'read write'
comment.type INTEGER
comment.count 1
comment.range '0 - 31'
iface MIXER
name 'Center Playback Volume'
value 0
}
control.5 {
comment.access 'read write'
comment.type BOOLEAN
comment.count 1
iface MIXER
name 'LFE Playback Switch'
value false
}
control.6 {
comment.access 'read write'
comment.type INTEGER
comment.count 1
comment.range '0 - 31'
iface MIXER
name 'LFE Playback Volume'
value 0
}
control.7 {
comment.access 'read write'
comment.type BOOLEAN
comment.count 2
iface MIXER
name 'Surround Playback Switch'
value.0 false
value.1 false
}
control.8 {
comment.access 'read write'
comment.type INTEGER
comment.count 2
comment.range '0 - 31'
iface MIXER
name 'Surround Playback Volume'
value.0 0
value.1 0
}
control.9 {
comment.access 'read write'
comment.type BOOLEAN
comment.count 1
iface MIXER
name 'Headphone Playback Switch'
value false
}
control.10 {
comment.access 'read write'
comment.type INTEGER
comment.count 2
comment.range '0 - 31'
iface MIXER
name 'Headphone Playback Volume'
value.0 0
value.1 0
}
control.11 {
comment.access 'read write'
comment.type BOOLEAN
comment.count 1
iface MIXER
name 'Master Mono Playback Switch'
value false
}
control.12 {
comment.access 'read write'
comment.type INTEGER
comment.count 1
comment.range '0 - 31'
iface MIXER
name 'Master Mono Playback Volume'
value 0
}
control.13 {
comment.access 'read write'
comment.type BOOLEAN
comment.count 1
iface MIXER
name 'PC Speaker Playback Switch'
value false
}
control.14 {
comment.access 'read write'
comment.type INTEGER
comment.count 1
comment.range '0 - 15'
iface MIXER
name 'PC Speaker Playback Volume'
value 0
}
control.15 {
comment.access 'read write'
comment.type BOOLEAN
comment.count 1
iface MIXER
name 'Phone Playback Switch'
value false
}
control.16 {
comment.access 'read write'
comment.type INTEGER
comment.count 1
comment.range '0 - 31'
iface MIXER
name 'Phone Playback Volume'
value 0
}
control.17 {
comment.access 'read write'
comment.type BOOLEAN
comment.count 1
iface MIXER
name 'Mic Playback Switch'
value false
}
control.18 {
comment.access 'read write'
comment.type INTEGER
comment.count 1
comment.range '0 - 31'
iface MIXER
name 'Mic Playback Volume'
value 0
}
control.19 {
comment.access 'read write'
comment.type BOOLEAN
comment.count 1
iface MIXER
name 'Mic Boost (+20dB)'
value false
}
control.20 {
comment.access 'read write'
comment.type BOOLEAN
comment.count 1
iface MIXER
name 'Line Playback Switch'
value false
}
control.21 {
comment.access 'read write'
comment.type INTEGER
comment.count 2
comment.range '0 - 31'
iface MIXER
name 'Line Playback Volume'
value.0 0
value.1 0
}
control.22 {
comment.access 'read write'
comment.type BOOLEAN
comment.count 1
iface MIXER
name 'CD Playback Switch'
value false
}
control.23 {
comment.access 'read write'
comment.type INTEGER
comment.count 2
comment.range '0 - 31'
iface MIXER
name 'CD Playback Volume'
value.0 0
value.1 0
}
control.24 {
comment.access 'read write'
comment.type BOOLEAN
comment.count 1
iface MIXER
name 'Video Playback Switch'
value false
}
control.25 {
comment.access 'read write'
comment.type INTEGER
comment.count 2
comment.range '0 - 31'
iface MIXER
name 'Video Playback Volume'
value.0 0
value.1 0
}
control.26 {
comment.access 'read write'
comment.type BOOLEAN
comment.count 1
iface MIXER
name 'Aux Playback Switch'
value false
}
control.27 {
comment.access 'read write'
comment.type INTEGER
comment.count 2
comment.range '0 - 31'
iface MIXER
name 'Aux Playback Volume'
value.0 0
value.1 0
}
control.28 {
comment.access 'read write'
comment.type BOOLEAN
comment.count 1
iface MIXER
name 'PCM Playback Switch'
value true
}
control.29 {
comment.access 'read write'
comment.type INTEGER
comment.count 2
comment.range '0 - 31'
iface MIXER
name 'PCM Playback Volume'
value.0 15
value.1 15
}
control.30 {
comment.access 'read write'
comment.type ENUMERATED
comment.count 2
comment.item.0 Mic
comment.item.1 CD
comment.item.2 Video
comment.item.3 Aux
comment.item.4 Line
comment.item.5 Mix
comment.item.6 'Mix Mono'
comment.item.7 Phone
iface MIXER
name 'Capture Source'
value.0 Mix
value.1 Mix
}
control.31 {
comment.access 'read write'
comment.type BOOLEAN
comment.count 1
iface MIXER
name 'Capture Switch'
value true
}
control.32 {
comment.access 'read write'
comment.type INTEGER
comment.count 2
comment.range '0 - 15'
iface MIXER
name 'Capture Volume'
value.0 0
value.1 0
}
control.33 {
comment.access 'read write'
comment.type BOOLEAN
comment.count 1
iface MIXER
name '3D Control - Switch'
value false
}
control.34 {
comment.access 'read write'
comment.type ENUMERATED
comment.count 1
comment.item.0 Mix
comment.item.1 Mic
iface MIXER
name 'Mono Output Select'
value Mix
}
control.35 {
comment.access 'read write'
comment.type ENUMERATED
comment.count 1
comment.item.0 Mic1
comment.item.1 Mic2
iface MIXER
name 'Mic Select'
value Mic1
}
control.36 {
comment.access 'read write'
comment.type INTEGER
comment.count 1
comment.range '0 - 15'
iface MIXER
name '3D Control - Center'
value 0
}
control.37 {
comment.access 'read write'
comment.type INTEGER
comment.count 1
comment.range '0 - 15'
iface MIXER
name '3D Control - Depth'
value 0
}
control.38 {
comment.access 'read write'
comment.type BOOLEAN
comment.count 1
iface MIXER
name 'Alternate Level to Surround Out'
value false
}
control.39 {
comment.access 'read write'
comment.type BOOLEAN
comment.count 1
iface MIXER
name 'Downmix LFE and Center to Front'
value false
}
control.40 {
comment.access 'read write'
comment.type BOOLEAN
comment.count 1
iface MIXER
name 'Downmix Surround to Front'
value false
}
control.41 {
comment.access 'read write'
comment.type BOOLEAN
comment.count 1
iface MIXER
name 'External Amplifier'
value false
}
control.42 {
comment.access read
comment.type BYTES
comment.count 52
iface CARD
name 'ICE1724 EEPROM'
value '172414121c01020210c1ff0000ff0000ff0000000101010001000000000000000000000000000000ff000000ff000000ff000000'
}
control.43 {
comment.access 'read write'
comment.type ENUMERATED
comment.count 1
comment.item.0 '8000'
comment.item.1 '9600'
comment.item.2 '11025'
comment.item.3 '12000'
comment.item.4 '16000'
comment.item.5 '22050'
comment.item.6 '24000'
comment.item.7 '32000'
comment.item.8 '44100'
comment.item.9 '48000'
comment.item.10 '64000'
comment.item.11 '88200'
comment.item.12 '96000'
comment.item.13 '176400'
comment.item.14 '192000'
comment.item.15 'IEC958 Input'
iface MIXER
name 'Multi Track Internal Clock'
value '44100'
}
control.44 {
comment.access 'read write'
comment.type BOOLEAN
comment.count 1
iface MIXER
name 'Multi Track Rate Locking'
value true
}
control.45 {
comment.access 'read write'
comment.type BOOLEAN
comment.count 1
iface MIXER
name 'Multi Track Rate Reset'
value true
}
control.46 {
comment.access 'read write'
comment.type ENUMERATED
comment.count 1
comment.item.0 'PCM Out'
comment.item.1 'H/W In 0'
comment.item.2 'H/W In 1'
comment.item.3 'IEC958 In L'
comment.item.4 'IEC958 In R'
iface MIXER
name 'H/W Playback Route'
value 'PCM Out'
}
control.47 {
comment.access 'read write'
comment.type ENUMERATED
comment.count 1
comment.item.0 'PCM Out'
comment.item.1 'H/W In 0'
comment.item.2 'H/W In 1'
comment.item.3 'IEC958 In L'
comment.item.4 'IEC958 In R'
iface MIXER
name 'H/W Playback Route'
index 1
value 'PCM Out'
}
control.48 {
comment.access read
comment.type INTEGER
comment.count 22
comment.range '0 - 255'
iface MIXER
name 'Multi Track Peak'
value.0 189
value.1 192
value.2 0
value.3 0
value.4 0
value.5 0
value.6 0
value.7 0
value.8 0
value.9 0
value.10 44
value.11 43
value.12 0
value.13 0
value.14 0
value.15 0
value.16 0
value.17 0
value.18 0
value.19 0
value.20 0
value.21 0
}
control.49 {
comment.access 'read write'
comment.type ENUMERATED
comment.count 1
comment.item.0 'PCM Out'
comment.item.1 'H/W In 0'
comment.item.2 'H/W In 1'
comment.item.3 'IEC958 In L'
comment.item.4 'IEC958 In R'
iface MIXER
name 'IEC958 Playback Route'
value 'H/W In 0'
}
control.50 {
comment.access 'read write'
comment.type ENUMERATED
comment.count 1
comment.item.0 'PCM Out'
comment.item.1 'H/W In 0'
comment.item.2 'H/W In 1'
comment.item.3 'IEC958 In L'
comment.item.4 'IEC958 In R'
iface MIXER
name 'IEC958 Playback Route'
index 1
value 'H/W In 1'
}
control.51 {
comment.access 'read write'
comment.type BOOLEAN
comment.count 1
iface MIXER
name 'IEC958 Output Switch'
value true
}
control.52 {
comment.access 'read write'
comment.type IEC958
comment.count 1
iface PCM
device 1
name 'IEC958 Playback Default'
value '0000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000'
}
control.53 {
comment.access read
comment.type IEC958
comment.count 1
iface PCM
device 1
name 'IEC958 Playback Con Mask'
value '3fff000f00000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000'
}
control.54 {
comment.access read
comment.type IEC958
comment.count 1
iface PCM
device 1
name 'IEC958 Playback Pro Mask'
value df00000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000
}
}

# aplay -l

**** List of PLAYBACK Hardware Devices ****
card 0: CK804 [NVidia CK804], device 0: Intel ICH [NVidia CK804]
Subdevices: 0/1
Subdevice #0: subdevice #0
card 0: CK804 [NVidia CK804], device 2: Intel ICH - IEC958 [NVidia CK804 - IEC958]
Subdevices: 1/1
Subdevice #0: subdevice #0
card 2: AV710 [Chaintech AV-710], device 0: ICE1724 [ICE1724]
Subdevices: 1/1
Subdevice #0: subdevice #0
card 2: AV710 [Chaintech AV-710], device 1: IEC1724 IEC958 [IEC1724 IEC958]
Subdevices: 1/1
Subdevice #0: subdevice #0

# sudo vi /etc/asound.conf

# /etc/asound.conf
# ~/.asoundrc
#
# 2006-11-18

################################################################################
# Chaintech AV-710 (IC Ensemble/VIA VT1721)

#
# HW definition for raw communication with ALSA kernel driver
#
pcm.chaintech {
type hw
card 2
device 1
#mmap_emulation true # for ro/wo devices, increases latency
#nonblock true # force non-blocking open mode
}

#
# SPDIF output
#
pcm.!spdif {
type plug
slave.pcm "chaintech"
}

#
# Analog output
#
pcm.analog {
type plug
slave {
pcm "surround51"
format S32_LE
}
}

#
# Upmix stereo to 5.1
#
pcm.upmix {
type plug
slave.pcm "surround51"
slave.channels 6
route_policy duplicate
}

#
# DMIX output device
#
pcm.output {
type dmix
ipc_key 10001 # in integer, unique IPC key for each dmix definition
ipc_key_add_uid false # Don't add current UID to unique IPC key
ipc_perm 0666 # Share mixer with all users, default permissions = 0600
slave {
pcm "chaintech"
buffer_size 8192 # in bytes, power of 2, for dmix OSS emulation
period_size 1024 # in bytes, power of 2, (OSS emu), default = 125000
period_time 0 # in usec, apparently unnecessary since ALSA 1.0pre
#periods 128 # power of 2, if 'buffer_size' or 'buffer_time' is not specified
rate 44100 # in Hz, default = 48000
format S32_LE # Required for ICE1724 digital output, default = S16_LE
}
bindings {
0 0
1 1 # dmix will use only the first 2 channels
}
#slowptr true # Slow but more precise pointer updates
}

#
# DSNOOP input device
#
pcm.input {
type dsnoop
ipc_key 10002
ipc_key_add_uid false
ipc_perm 0666
slave {
pcm "chaintech"
channels 2
#buffer_size 4096
#period_size 1024
#rate 44100
}
}

#
# ASYM duplex device
#
pcm.duplex {
type asym
playback.pcm "output"
capture.pcm "input"
}

#
# SOFTwareVOLume for digital output
#
pcm.vol {
type softvol
slave.pcm "chaintech"
control.name "Master"
min_dB -65.0 # Minimal dB value in REAL num (default: -51.0)
}

#
# JACKplug device
#
pcm.jackplug {
type plug
slave.pcm "jack"
}

pcm.jack {
type jack
playback_ports {
0 alsa_pcm:playback_1
1 alsa_pcm:playback_2
}
capture_ports {
0 alsa_pcm:capture_1
1 alsa_pcm:capture_2
}
}

#
# default device ###############################################################
#
pcm.!default {
type plug
slave.pcm "duplex" # spdif, analog, upmix, duplex, vol
}

#
# OSS Compability
#
pcm.!dsp2 {
type plug
slave.pcm "default"
}

ctl.!mixer2 {
type hw
card 2
}

autofs: mounting iPod & USB

2006-11-06T22:50:00.000-05:00

1. Install the goodies:


# aptitude install autofs pmount

2. Edit autofs config file:


# sudo vi /etc/auto.master

/media /etc/auto.media --ghost

3. Get your device ID:


# ls /dev/disk/by-id/ | grep iPod

usb-Apple_iPod_000A270012E6900E
usb-Apple_iPod_000A270012E6900E-part1
usb-Apple_iPod_000A270012E6900E-part2

4. Create custom config for media:


# sudo vi /etc/auto.media

dvd -fstype=auto,ro :/dev/dvd
usb -fstype=vfat :/dev/disk/by-id/usb-KINGMAX_USB2.0_Flashdisk_00000000000064-part1
ipod -fstype=vfat,iocharset=iso8859-1,fmask=0117,dmask=0007,gid=plugdev :/dev/disk/by-id/usb-Apple_iPod_000A270012E6900E-part2

You can use UUID instead of ID to identify your device. It's shorter. You could also use LABEL but there would be a chance of a conflict.

ipod -fstype=vfat :/dev/disk/by-uuid/A5D3-DF28

5. Reload autofs:


# sudo /etc/init.d/autofs reload

6. Start gtkpod or just check out /media/ipod and witness the magic.

VNC (a.k.a. KDE 'Desktop Sharing') crashing and slow performance workaround

2006-11-04T15:04:00.000-05:00

Disable the built-in 'Desktop Sharing' and install x11vnc:


# apt-get install x11vnc

If you have an existing VNC password file:


# x11vnc -display :0 -rfbauth ~/.vnc/passwd

To set the password (not my preferred way):


# x11vnc -storepasswd yourpassword /path/to/password

Or set the password using vncpasswd (part of vnc-common):


# vncpasswd

***

Alternatively, create ~/.x11vncrc with all the options you need and then just start 'x11vnc'.


# ~/.x11vncrc
# ** uncomment options you need **

# password file must use full path
rfbauth /home/user/.vnc/passwd

display :0
forever
shared

# keyboard repeat
repeat

# visual speed tweak
nodragging

# CPU performance tweak (?)
threads

# be less verbose
quiet

# put process in background
#bg

# show GUI
#gui

To stop x11vnc running in background ('bg' option):


# x11vnc -remote stop

Dapper directory sizes

2006-10-26T19:15:00.000-04:00

Just for reference for someone who wants to set up multiple partitions but has no clue how much space is required.

This is what my file system currently looks like (fresh Kubuntu install a year ago, a few essential apps + dist-upgrade to some recent stuff):


/bin 4.5M
/boot 9.4M
/dev 5.5M
/etc 40M
/home 862M
/lib 110M
/proc 900M
/root 24M
/sbin 8.5M
/tmp 31M
/usr 2.8G
/var 1.3G

Initializing existing RAID-0 setup to install Ubuntu on it

2006-10-26T18:58:00.000-04:00

If you have your root partition on RAID-0 and for some reason decided to delete the system while keeping /home (or any other directories) and start over, here's how to do it:

1. Boot the 'alternate' disc.
2. Go through the setup until you get to partitioning.
3. Switch to console (for example: ALT+F2).
4. Issue the following commands, replacing hde3 and hdg8 with your RAID partitions:


# modprobe md
# mdadm --assemble /dev/md0 /dev/hde3 /dev/hdg8
# mount /dev/md0 /mnt

You can now access your stuff in /mnt. Delete what you need, keep the rest. Then:


# umount /mnt
# mdadm --stop /dev/md0

Go on with the installation. Make sure not to format your RAID!

nvidia-glx 1.0.8762 binary driver fix

2006-09-09T23:32:00.000-04:00

After upgrading from Breezy to Dapper, Xorg failed to work with the new nVIDIA binary driver on my BenQ FP731 LCD at its native resolution of 1280x1024.

Quick fix #1:

Edit /etc/X11/xorg.conf and add the section in bold, then restart X (Ctrl+Alt+Backspace will do).


Section "Device"
       Identifier      "NVIDIA Corporation NV43 [GeForce 6200]"
       Driver          "nvidia"
       BusID           "PCI:1:0:0"
       Option          "UseEDID"   "false"
EndSection

"By default, the NVIDIA X driver makes use of a display device's EDID, when available, during construction of its mode pool. The EDID is used as a source for possible modes, for valid frequency ranges, and for collecting data on the physical dimensions of the display device for computing the DPI. However, if you wish to disable the driver's use of the EDID, you can set this option to False."
(from nVIDIA Accelerated Linux Driver Set README and Installation Guide)

Quick fix #2:

Edit /etc/X11/xorg.conf and add the section in bold to force 60Hz refresh rate, then restart X.


Section "Screen"
        Identifier      "Default Screen"
        Device          "NVIDIA Corporation NV43 [GeForce 6200]"
        Monitor         "BenQ FP731"
        DefaultDepth    24
     SubSection "Display"
                Depth           24
                Modes           "1280x1024_60" "1024x768" "800x600" "640x480"
        EndSubSection
EndSection

Firefox - Flash audio fix

2006-04-16T11:16:00.000-04:00

# vi ~/.mozilla/firefox/rc


FIREFOX_DSP="none"

iPod - safe remove fix

2006-04-16T11:10:00.000-04:00

Unmouting iPod from a user's account doesn't completely work. iPod will still be showing "Do not disconnect". Fix (insecure, I know):

# sudo chmod +s /usr/bin/eject

prelinking

2006-03-24T04:05:00.000-05:00

# sudo apt-get install prelink
# sudo vi /etc/default/prelink


PRELINKING=yes

# sudo /etc/cron.daily/prelink

multi source audio

2006-03-04T08:42:00.000-05:00

- ALSA

# sudo apt-get install libesd-alsa0

- OSS

# sudo apt-get install libesd0

sudo settings

2006-02-22T03:23:00.000-05:00

- remember password in all terminals:

# sudo visudo


Defaults        !lecture,!tty_tickets

- expire sudo session immediately:

# sudo visudo


Defaults        !lecture,tty_tickets,timestamp_timeout=0

- keep sudo password for the session:

# sudo visudo


Defaults        !lecture,tty_tickets,timestamp_timeout=-1

Firefox - compiling from source

2006-02-14T22:02:00.000-05:00

# wget ftp://ftp.mozilla.org/pub/mozilla.org/firefox/releases/1.5.0.1/linux-i686/en-US/firefox-1.5.0.1.tar.gz
# tar xzvvf firefox-1.5.0.1.tar.gz
# cd mozilla
# vi .mozconfig

---8<---


# mozilla/.mozconfig
# Firefox 1.5.0.1 compile options

. $topsrcdir/browser/config/mozconfig
mk_add_options MOZ_OBJDIR=@TOPSRCDIR@/firefox-build
ac_add_options --enable-official-branding
#ac_add_options --disable-official-branding

#ac_add_options --enable-default-toolkit=qt
#ac_add_options --with-qtdir=/usr/share/qt3
ac_add_options --enable-default-toolkit=gtk2
ac_add_options --enable-xft --disable-freetype2

ac_add_options --enable-static --disable-shared
ac_add_options '--enable-optimize=-Os -freorder-blocks -fno-reorder-functions -gstabs+'
#ac_add_options --enable-optimize="-O6 -march=k8"
#ac_add_options --enable-optimize="-O2 -msse -mmmx -m3dnow -mfpmath=sse"
#ac_add_options '--enable-optimize=-pipe\ -w\ -O2\ -DDEBIAN\ -fno-strict-aliasing'

ac_add_options --enable-strip
ac_add_options --disable-debug
ac_add_options --disable-logging
ac_add_options --disable-tests
ac_add_options --disable-pedantic
ac_add_options --disable-long-long-warning

ac_add_options --enable-svg
ac_add_options --enable-svg-renderer-cairo
ac_add_options --enable-canvas
ac_add_options --enable-mathml
ac_add_options --enable-postscript
ac_add_options --enable-crypto

ac_add_options --enable-single-profile --disable-profilesharing
#ac_add_options --enable-extensions=cookie,xml-rpc,xmlextras,pref,transformiix,universalchardet,webservices,inspector,auth
ac_add_options --enable-xinerama
ac_add_options --enable-pango
ac_add_options --enable-gnomevfs
ac_add_options --enable-gnomeui

ac_add_options --disable-installer
ac_add_options --disable-updater
ac_add_options --disable-xprint
ac_add_options --disable-ldap
ac_add_options --disable-accessibility
ac_add_options --disable-oji
ac_add_options --disable-jsd

ac_add_options --with-default-mozilla-five-home=/usr/lib/mozilla-firefox
ac_add_options --with-user-appdir=.mozilla
ac_add_options --with-system-zlib=/usr
ac_add_options --with-system-jpeg=/usr
ac_add_options --with-system-png=/usr
ac_add_options --with-system-mng=/usr
ac_add_options --without-system-nspr
ac_add_options --with-pthreads

--->8---

# make -f client.mk build

* takes 30-60 min on AMD64 3000+ with 1G RAM

# make -C firefox-build/browser/installer
# sudo mv firefox-build/dist/firefox-1.5.0.1.en-US.linux-i686.tar.gz /opt
# sudo tar xzvf firefox-1.5.0.1.en-US.linux-i686.tar.gz
# cd firefox
# sudo ./firefox

***

- for a static build:

# vi browser/app/Makefile
:94
$(MOZ_XFT_LIBS)

Bootable CD/DVD with GRUB

2006-02-01T20:07:00.000-05:00


# mkdir -p BOOT_CD/boot/grub
# cp /lib/grub/i386-pc/stage2_eltorito BOOT_CD/boot/grub/
# mkisofs -R -b boot/grub/stage2_eltorito -no-emul-boot -boot-load-size 4 -boot-info-table -o BOOT_CD.iso BOOT_CD
# cdrecord -v -sao CD_BOOT_GRUB.iso

Slipstreaming Windows CD under Linux

2006-01-27T23:43:00.000-05:00

required tools: mkisofs, cdrecord, dd, mount, lcab, text editor
optionally: hex viewer, hex->dec converter

1. Create an image of Windows CD.

# dd if=/dev/dvd of=win_xp.iso bs=2048 conv=noerror,notrunc

2. Extract files from the image.

# sudo mount -o loop win_xp.iso /mnt
# cp -a /mnt win_xp_slipstream
# chmod -R +w win_xp_slipstream
# sudo umount /mnt

3. Extract the CD boot image and add it to the root of Windows directory. The value of the 'skip' parameter needs to be found. More info below.

# dd if=win_xp.iso of=boot.img bs=2048 count=1 skip=375
# mv boot.img win_xp_slipstream/

4. Add your RAID driver files in $OEM$/$1/drivers/

# mkdir -p 'win_xp_slipstream/$OEM$/$1/drivers/sii680r'
# unzip -j sii680r.zip -d 'win_xp_slipstream/$OEM$/$1/drivers/sii680r'

5. Create a .cab archive of the RAID driver's .sys file in the i386 directory.

# cp 'win_xp_slipstream/$OEM$/$1/drivers/sii680r/pnp680r.sys' win_xp_slipstream/i386/
# lcab win_xp_slipstream/i386/pnp680r.sys win_xp_slipstream/i386/pnp680r.sy_
# rm win_xp_slipstream/i386/pnp680r.sys

6. Get the RAID driver ID info.

# cat 'win_xp_slipstream/$OEM$/$1/drivers/sii680r/txtsetup.oem' | grep 'PCI\\VEN'

---8<---


id = "PCI\VEN_1095&DEV_0680&SUBSYS_36801095", "PnP680r"

--->8---

7. Add the RAID driver info to the bottom of txtsetup.sif before the last EOF. You'll need the .sys file name, "PCI\VEN" string, device ID and name.

# vi win_xp_slipstream/i386/txtsetup.sif

---8<---


[SourceDisksFiles]
pnp680r.sys = 1,,,,,,3_,4,1

[HardwareIdsDatabase]
PCI\VEN_1095&DEV_0680&SUBSYS_36801095 = "PnP680r"

[SCSI.load]
PnP680r = pnp680r.sys,4

[SCSI]
PnP680r = "Silicon Image Ultra-133 Medley ATA RAID Controller"

--->8---

8. Create a winnt.sif file and add the info below with the right driver path.

# vi win_xp_slipstream/i386/winnt.sif

---8<---


[Data]
UnattendedInstall=Yes
MSDosInitiated=No
AutoPartition=0

[Unattended]
OemPnPDriversPath="Drivers\sii680r"

--->8---

9. Re-create the CD image, now with the included driver.

# mkisofs -v -volid "XP_RAID" -d -D -l -N -relaxed-filenames -no-iso-translate -no-emul-boot -boot-load-size 4 -b boot.img -c boot.cat -hide boot.img -hide boot.cat -J -hide-joliet boot.img -hide-joliet boot.cat -o win_xp_slipstream.iso win_xp_slipstream

10. Finally, write the image to a CD.

# sudo cdrecord -v -sao win_xp_slipstream.iso

***

Finding the CD boot image

I. The quick and easy way.

1a. Dump ISO info from CD.

# isoinfo -d

---8<---


Eltorito defaultboot header:
Bootid 88 (bootable)
Boot media 0 (No Emulation Boot)
Load segment 0
Sys type 0
Nsect 4
Bootoff 177 375

--->8---

1b. Alternatively, dump ISO info from the image file.

# isoinfo -d -i win_xp.iso

2a. Extract the boot image from CD. Use the second value from the "Bootoff" line in the 'skip' parameter.

# dd if=/dev/dvd of=boot.img bs=2048 count=1 skip=375

2b. Same as above but from an ISO image.

# dd if=win_xp.iso of=boot.img bs=2048 count=1 skip=375

II. The real hacker's way ;)

1a. Dump a chunk of the CD to a file. Increase 'count=' to 2000 or more if the boot image is not found at first.

# dd if=/dev/dvd of=dump.img bs=2048 count=500

1b. Alternatively, dump data from an ISO image.

# dd if=os_image.iso of=dump.img bs=2048 count=500

2a. Look for the boot image string. Note the starting address in hex. If there are multiple matches, start with the first and complete all steps. If the CD doesn't boot, try the second matching address, and so on.

# xxd dump.img | grep '007c fb8c'

2b. Alternate method using 'hexdump' and visual examination. Look for a string "fa33 c08e d0bc 007c fb8c".

# hexdump -C dump.img | less

---8<---

00bb800: fa33 c08e d0bc 007c fb8c c88e d852 e800  .3.....|.....R..
00bb810: 005e 81ee 1100 7412 81fe 007c 7575 8cc8  .^....t....|uu..
00bb820: 3d00 0075 7fea 3700 c007 c606 ae01 3390  =..u..7.......3.
00bb830: 8cc8 3dc0 0775 7e8c c88e d8c6 06ae 0134  ..=..u~........4
00bb840: 9080 fa80 726f c606 ae01 3590 bbfe 078b  ....ro....5.....
00bb850: 073d 55aa 755f 5a88 1699 0468 8a04 6a0b  .=U.u_Z....h..j.
00bb860: 6800 20e8 7603 0f82 0f00 601e 068a 1699  h. .v.....`.....
00bb870: 049a 0000 0020 071f 6168 7e04 6a0c 6800  ..... ..ah~.j.h.

--->8---

3. Convert the address from hex to decimal.

# echo $((16#bb800))

4a. Finally, extract the boot image from CD. Note the 'skip' parameter!

# dd if=/dev/dvd of=boot.img bs=1 count=2048 skip=768000

4b. Same as above but from an ISO image.

# dd if=os_image.iso of=boot.img bs=1 count=2048 skip=768000

4c. Alternatively, calculate and use LBA to make things look pretty. 0xbb800 = 768,000 -> 768,000 / 2,048 = 375 (R/LBA)

# dd if=os_image.iso of=boot.img bs=2048 count=1 skip=375

Another example: Windows 2000 CD.

---8<--- 000a000: fa33 c08e d0bc 007c fb8c c88e d852 e800 .3.....|.....R..
--->8---

0xa000 = 40,960 -> 40,960 / 2,048 = 20 (R/LBA)

# dd if=/dev/dvd of=boot.img bs=2k count=1 skip=20

X performace tweak

2006-01-24T20:13:00.000-05:00

- set higher process priority for Xorg binary

# sudo vi /etc/X11/Xwrapper.config


nice_value=-10

aptitude - purge old config files

2006-01-23T19:50:00.000-05:00

- purge config files belonging to packages which were removed

# dpkg -l | grep '^rc\b' | awk '{print $2}' | xargs sudo aptitude purge

lm-sensors

2005-11-25T21:07:00.000-05:00

# sudo apt-get install lm-sensors ksensors
# sudo sensors-detect

- "yes" to all questions

# cat /etc/modules


# I2C adapter drivers
i2c-nforce2
i2c-isa
# I2C chip drivers
eeprom
it87

# sudo /etc/init.d/module-init-tools
# sensors


it8712-isa-0290
Adapter: ISA adapter
VCore 1:   +1.39 V  (min =  +1.42 V, max =  +1.57 V)   ALARM
VCore 2:   +0.00 V  (min =  +2.40 V, max =  +2.61 V)   ALARM
+3.3V:     +6.53 V  (min =  +3.14 V, max =  +3.46 V)   ALARM
+5V:       +5.00 V  (min =  +4.76 V, max =  +5.24 V)
+12V:     +11.97 V  (min = +11.39 V, max = +12.61 V)
-12V:      -4.29 V  (min = -12.63 V, max = -11.41 V)   ALARM
-5V:      -13.64 V  (min =  -5.26 V, max =  -4.77 V)   ALARM
Stdby:     +4.95 V  (min =  +4.76 V, max =  +5.24 V)
VBat:      +3.07 V
fan1:        0 RPM  (min =    0 RPM, div = 8)
fan2:        0 RPM  (min =  664 RPM, div = 8)
fan3:     5625 RPM  (min =  664 RPM, div = 8)
M/B Temp:    +39°C  (low  =   +15°C, high =   +40°C)   sensor = thermistor
CPU Temp:    +41°C  (low  =   +15°C, high =   +45°C)   sensor = thermistor
Temp3:       +25°C  (low  =   +15°C, high =   +45°C)   sensor = thermistor

- ALT+F2 in KDE -> 'ksensors'

FreeNX server

2005-11-24T00:42:00.000-05:00

# sudo vi /etc/apt/sources.list

deb http://seveas.ubuntulinux.nl/ breezy-seveas all

# sudo apt-get install freenx

- use NoMachine key for a simple setup or generate custom key /var/lib/nxserver/home/.ssh/client.id_dsa.key and import it to NX clients

# sudo nxserver --adduser username
# sudo nxserver --passwd username
# sudo vi /etc/ssh/sshd_config


AuthorizedKeysFile %h/.ssh/authorized_keys2

# sudo /etc/init.d/ssh restart

Firefox - user.js

2005-11-23T17:26:00.000-05:00


//
// user.js
//
// for Mozilla Firefox 1.0.7+
//
// by Obi Bok
// ----------
// Gmail: obibok
// http://linuxtuneup.blogspot.com
//
// place in ~/.mozilla/firefox/xxxxxxxx.xxxx/
//

// set search from URL Bar using Google
user_pref("keyword.URL", "http://www.google.com/search?btnG=Google+Search&q=");

// display errors in web pages instead of dialog boxes
user_pref("browser.xul.error_pages.enabled", true);

// force frames to be resizable
user_pref("layout.frames.force_resizability", true);

// disable Find As You Type (Find must be invoked manually)
user_pref("accessibility.typeaheadfind", false);

// disable Find As You Type sound
user_pref("accessibility.typeaheadfind.enablesound", false);

// enable automatic highlight in Find As You Type while typing
user_pref("accessibility.typeaheadfind.autostart", true);

Firefox - userChrome.css

2005-11-22T14:08:00.000-05:00


/*
 * userChrome.css
 *
 * version 6.1.25
 *
 * for Mozilla Firefox 1.5+
 * on Ubuntu 5.10 GNU/Linux
 *
 * by Obi Bok
 * ----------
 * Gmail: obibok
 * http://linuxtuneup.blogspot.com
 *
 * place in ~/.mozilla/firefox/xxxxxxxx.xxxx/chrome/
 */

@namespace url("http://www.mozilla.org/keymaster/gatekeeper/there.is.only.xul");



/* --- TOOLBAR --- */

/* merge 'Stop' and 'Reload' buttons
 * 'Stop' must be placed before 'Reload' on toolbar
 */
#stop-button[disabled="true"] { display: none; }
#stop-button:not([disabled="true"]) + #reload-button { display: none; }

/* set URL bar color for high security */
#urlbar[level="high"] > .autocomplete-textbox-container {
  background-color: #99FF99 !important;
  color: black !important;
}

/* set URL bar color for low security */
#urlbar[level="low"] > .autocomplete-textbox-container {
  background-color: #FFFF99 !important;
  color: black !important;
}

/* set URL bar color for broken security */
#urlbar[level="broken"] > .autocomplete-textbox-container {
  background-color: #FF3366 !important;
  color: black !important;
}

/* remove text from 'Go' button */
#go-button .toolbarbutton-text { display: none !important; }



/* --- MESSAGE BAR --- */
/* top bar activated by XPI installs, popups, etc. */
 
/* set browser message bar margins, padding and colors */
browsermessage {
  background-color: #FF0000 !important;
  color: #FFFFFF !important;
  margin: 0px !important;
  padding: 0px !important;
}

/* set browser message bar text margins */
browsermessage .messageText { margin: 0px !important; }

/* set browser message bar 'Options' button margins */
browsermessage .messageButton { margin: 0px -3px 0px 0px !important; }

/* set browser message bar close button margins and padding */
browsermessage .tabs-closebutton {
  margin: 0px 0px 0px 0px !important;
  padding: 0px !important;
}



/* --- TAB BAR --- */

/* set tab bar margins and padding */
.tabbrowser-tabs {
  height: 26px !important; /* set tab height when tab close button is disabled */
  margin: 0px 0px -2px 0px !important;
  padding: 0px !important;
}

/* set tab borders, margins and padding */
tab {
  border: 2px inset !important;
  border-color: inherit !important;
  margin: 0px !important;
  padding: 0px 0px 1px 2px !important; /* set favicon and text placement; must be set the same for active tab */
}

/* disable theme support in tabs to set their background colors */
tab { -moz-appearance: none !important; }

/* set unread tab color
 * must be defined before active and visited
 */
tab:not([selected="true"]) { color: #0000FF !important; }

/* set active tab colors, margins and padding */
tab[selected="true"] {
  margin: 0px !important;
  padding: 0px 0px 1px 2px !important; /* same as set for inactive tab */
  background-color: #000000 !important;
  color: #FFFFFF !important;
}

/* set visited tab color */
tab[selected="false"] { color: #000000 !important; }

/* set busy tab color */
tab[busy] { color: #808080 !important; }

/* set inactive tab hover backround color */
tab:not([selected="true"]):hover { background-color: #FFFFFF !important; }

/* set tab colors for errors 404 and 403 */
.tab-text[value="404 Not Found"], .tab-text[value="403 Access Denied"] {
  background-color: #FF0000 !important;
  color: #FFFFFF !important;
}

/* disable theme support in tab progress bar to set its background color */
tab progressmeter, .progress-bar { -moz-appearance: none !important; }

/* set tab progress bar color in unread tabs */
tab:not([selected="true"]) .progress-bar { background-color: #0000FF !important; }

/* set tab progress bar color in active tabs */
tab[selected="true"] .progress-bar { background-color: #000000 !important; }

/* set tab progress bar color in visited tabs */
tab[selected="false"] .progress-bar { background-color: #FFFFFF !important; }

/* set tab bar (and message bar) close button color */
.tabs-closebutton { background-color: inherit !important; }



/* --- FIND TOOLBAR --- */

/* set find toolbar size */
#find-field-container, #find-field { -moz-box-flex: 1 !important; } /* any value >0 works */

/* remove text from 'Find Next' and 'Find Previous' buttons */
#find-next .toolbarbutton-text, #find-previous .toolbarbutton-text { display: none !important; }

/* remove status text from find toolbar */
#find-status { display: none !important; }

/* set find toolbar close button color */
#find-closebutton { background-color: inherit !important; }



/* --- STATUS BAR --- */

/* remove security info button from status bar */
#security-button { display: none !important; }



/* --- FULL SCREEN --- */

/* show menu bar in full screen mode
 * useful when navigation buttons are on menu bar
 */
#toolbar-menubar { visibility: visible !important; }

/* show status bar in full screen mode */
#status-bar { visibility: visible !important; }



/* --- OTHER --- */

/* remove 'Show Password' button from Password Manager */
#togglePasswords { display: none; }

Keyboard - Win-keys start menu

2005-11-21T21:36:00.000-05:00

KDE Control Center->Regional & Accessibility->Xkb Options

[X] Enable xkb options
- Third level choosers
* Press any of the Win-keys to choose 3rd level

KDE Control Center->Regional & Accessibility->Keyboard Shortcuts
Shortcut Schemes->Global Shortcuts

- Panel
* Popup Launch Menu

Shortcut for Selected Action

(O) Custom

[Advanced]

(O) Alternate shortcut

- press the Win-key (ISO_Level3_Shift)

***

- alternatively, when using custom .Xmodmap, substitute

keycode 115 = ISO_Level3_Shift
keycode 116 = ISO_Level3_Shift

Kernel - CPU optimized

2005-11-20T21:32:00.000-05:00

# sudo apt-get install linux-k7 # AMD Duron, Athlon (32-bit Linux distros only)

linux-686 # Intel Celeron, Pentium I, II, III, IV
linux-smp # multi CPUs and dual core CPUs
linux-386 # max compatibility, older systems (non-optimized default)

# sudo apt-get install linux-restricted-modules-x.x.xx-x-arch-nvidia-legacy # NVIDIA legacy kernel driver supporting TNT, TNT2, GeForce and GeForce2 chips

TV-out - NVIDIA

2005-11-19T14:05:00.000-05:00

# sudo vi /etc/X11/xorg.conf


Section "Device"
Identifier "video card"
BusID  "PCI:1:0:0"
# binary 'nvidia' driver must be used
Driver  "nvidia"
# force display(s) detection; useful for KVMs
Option  "ConnectedMonitor" "CRT, TV"
# TV-out mandatory settings
 Option  "TwinView"
 Option  "TwinViewOrientation"  "Clone"
# MetaModes: "CRT,TV @virtual; CRT,TV; ..."
 Option "MetaModes" "1280x1024,1024x768 @1280x1024; 1024x768,1024x768; 800x600,800x600; 640x480,NULL"
 Option  "SecondMonitorHorizSync" "30-50"
 Option  "SecondMonitorVertRefresh" "60"
# TV-out other/optional settings
#Option  "TVOutFormat"   "SVIDEO"
#Option  "TVStandard"   "NTSC-M"
#Option  "TVOverScan"   "1.0" # decimal range 0.0 to 1.0
EndSection

Icons - KDE

2005-11-18T17:10:00.000-05:00

- get icons from kde-look.org

- put them in

* for a single user

~/.icons/new_icons_dir/

* for a global system setting

/usr/share/icons/new_icons_dir/

- select new icons

KDE Control Center: Appearance & Themes->Icons->Theme

Mouse cursors

2005-11-17T19:04:00.000-05:00

- get mouse cursors from kde-look.org

- put them in

* for a single user

~/.icons/new_cursors_dir/cursors

* for a global system setting

/usr/share/icons/new_cursors_dir/cursors

- select the new theme

KDE Control Center: Peripherals->Mouse->Mouse Theme

- sync X cursor (visible on X login screen, in Firefox, etc.) with KDE's

# cd ~/.icons
# mkdir default
# vi default/index.theme


[Icon Theme]
Inherits=new_theme

Swap like RAID 0

2005-11-16T21:02:00.000-05:00

# sudo vi /etc/fstab


/dev/sda2    none    swap    sw,pri=1    0    0
/dev/sdb2    none    swap    sw,pri=1    0    0

- if partitions are on different drives and maybe separate controllers, read and write throughput should theoretically nearly double

Firefox extensions

2005-11-15T03:19:00.000-05:00

MR Tech Local Install

Monitor power management

2005-11-14T01:56:00.000-05:00

# sudo vi /etc/X11/xorg.conf


Section "ServerLayout"
  Option  "OffTime" "10"

- takes effect as soon as X login screen is up and in misc window managers which don't have power management settings

KVM switch - mouse problems fix

2005-11-13T01:37:00.000-05:00

- press CTRL+ALT+F1 to switch away from X, then log in

# sudo rmmod psmouse
# sudo modprobe psmouse proto=imps # or 'proto=bare' (disables mouse wheel)

- permanent fix on boot

# sudo vi /etc/modules


psmouse proto=imps

- alternatively

# sudo vi /etc/modprobe.d/options


options psmouse proto=imps

***

- alternatively pass psmouse.proto=imps to kernel in LILO or GRUB

DMA - CD/DVD

2005-11-12T01:34:00.000-05:00

# sudo vi /etc/hdparm.conf


/dev/cdrom {
dma = on
}

Login screen theme - KDE (KDM)

2005-11-11T01:26:00.000-05:00

- put themes in

/usr/share/apps/kdm/themes/new_theme/

- point to the new theme

# sudo vi /etc/kde3/kdm/kdmrc


[X-*-Greeter]
Theme=/usr/share/apps/kdm/themes/new_theme

Firefox form widgets

2005-11-10T01:17:00.000-05:00

- download Firefox form widgets from linuxart.com

(there are other hacked widgets to be found on the net)

- extract firefox-forms.tar.gz to

/usr/lib/mozilla-firefox/res/

**

- for Firefox 1.5 tarball from mozilla.org use widgets from http://koti.mbnet.fi/~ots/artwork/

Keyboard: 'Win' keys, media buttons - Logitech Ultra-X

2005-11-09T01:14:00.000-05:00

# vi ~/.kde/Autostart/Xmodmap


#!/bin/sh
xmodmap ~/.Xmodmap

# vi ~/.Xmodmap


keycode   8 =
keycode   9 = Escape
keycode  10 = 1 exclam
keycode  11 = 2 at
keycode  12 = 3 numbersign
keycode  13 = 4 dollar
keycode  14 = 5 percent
keycode  15 = 6 asciicircum
keycode  16 = 7 ampersand
keycode  17 = 8 asterisk
keycode  18 = 9 parenleft
keycode  19 = 0 parenright
keycode  20 = minus underscore
keycode  21 = equal plus
keycode  22 = BackSpace Terminate_Server
keycode  23 = Tab ISO_Left_Tab
keycode  24 = q Q
keycode  25 = w W
keycode  26 = e E
keycode  27 = r R
keycode  28 = t T
keycode  29 = y Y
keycode  30 = u U
keycode  31 = i I
keycode  32 = o O
keycode  33 = p P
keycode  34 = bracketleft braceleft
keycode  35 = bracketright braceright
keycode  36 = Return
keycode  37 = Control_L
keycode  38 = a A
keycode  39 = s S
keycode  40 = d D
keycode  41 = f F
keycode  42 = g G
keycode  43 = h H
keycode  44 = j J
keycode  45 = k K
keycode  46 = l L
keycode  47 = semicolon colon
keycode  48 = apostrophe quotedbl
keycode  49 = grave asciitilde
keycode  50 = Shift_L
keycode  51 = backslash bar
keycode  52 = z Z
keycode  53 = x X
keycode  54 = c C
keycode  55 = v V
keycode  56 = b B
keycode  57 = n N
keycode  58 = m M
keycode  59 = comma less
keycode  60 = period greater
keycode  61 = slash question
keycode  62 = Shift_R
keycode  63 = KP_Multiply XF86_ClearGrab
keycode  64 = Alt_L Meta_L
keycode  65 = space
keycode  66 = Caps_Lock
keycode  67 = F1 XF86_Switch_VT_1
keycode  68 = F2 XF86_Switch_VT_2
keycode  69 = F3 XF86_Switch_VT_3
keycode  70 = F4 XF86_Switch_VT_4
keycode  71 = F5 XF86_Switch_VT_5
keycode  72 = F6 XF86_Switch_VT_6
keycode  73 = F7 XF86_Switch_VT_7
keycode  74 = F8 XF86_Switch_VT_8
keycode  75 = F9 XF86_Switch_VT_9
keycode  76 = F10 XF86_Switch_VT_10
keycode  77 = Num_Lock Pointer_EnableKeys
keycode  78 = Scroll_Lock
keycode  79 = KP_Home KP_7
keycode  80 = KP_Up KP_8
keycode  81 = KP_Prior KP_9
keycode  82 = KP_Subtract XF86_Prev_VMode
keycode  83 = KP_Left KP_4
keycode  84 = KP_Begin KP_5
keycode  85 = KP_Right KP_6
keycode  86 = KP_Add XF86_Next_VMode
keycode  87 = KP_End KP_1
keycode  88 = KP_Down KP_2
keycode  89 = KP_Next KP_3
keycode  90 = KP_Insert KP_0
keycode  91 = KP_Delete KP_Decimal
keycode  92 =
keycode  93 = Mode_switch
keycode  94 = less greater bar brokenbar bar brokenbar
keycode  95 = F11 XF86_Switch_VT_11
keycode  96 = F12 XF86_Switch_VT_12
keycode  97 = Home
keycode  98 = Up
keycode  99 = Prior
keycode 100 = Left
keycode 101 =
keycode 102 = Right
keycode 103 = End
keycode 104 = Down
keycode 105 = Next
keycode 106 = Insert
keycode 107 = Delete
keycode 108 = KP_Enter
keycode 109 = Control_R
keycode 110 = Pause Break
keycode 111 = Print Sys_Req
keycode 112 = KP_Divide XF86_Ungrab
keycode 113 = Alt_R Meta_R
keycode 114 =
keycode 115 = Super_L
keycode 116 = Super_R
keycode 117 = Menu
keycode 118 =
keycode 119 =
keycode 120 =
keycode 121 =
keycode 122 =
keycode 123 =
keycode 124 = ISO_Level3_Shift
keycode 125 = NoSymbol Alt_L
keycode 126 = KP_Equal
keycode 127 = NoSymbol Super_L
keycode 128 = NoSymbol Hyper_L
keycode 129 =
keycode 130 =
keycode 131 =
keycode 132 =
keycode 133 =
keycode 134 =
keycode 135 =
keycode 136 =
keycode 137 =
keycode 138 =
keycode 139 =
keycode 140 =
keycode 141 =
keycode 142 =
keycode 143 =
keycode 144 =
keycode 145 =
keycode 146 =
keycode 147 =
keycode 148 =
keycode 149 =
keycode 150 =
keycode 151 =
keycode 152 =
keycode 153 =
keycode 154 =
keycode 155 =
keycode 156 = NoSymbol Meta_L
keycode 157 =
keycode 158 =
keycode 159 =
keycode 160 = XF86AudioMute
keycode 161 =
keycode 162 = XF86AudioPlay XF86AudioPause
keycode 163 =
keycode 164 =
keycode 165 =
keycode 166 =
keycode 167 =
keycode 168 =
keycode 169 =
keycode 170 =
keycode 171 =
keycode 172 =
keycode 173 =
keycode 174 =
keycode 175 =
keycode 176 =
keycode 177 =
keycode 178 = XF86WWW
keycode 179 =
keycode 180 =
keycode 181 =
keycode 182 =
keycode 183 =
keycode 184 =
keycode 185 =
keycode 186 =
keycode 187 =
keycode 188 =
keycode 189 =
keycode 190 =
keycode 191 =
keycode 192 =
keycode 193 =
keycode 194 =
keycode 195 =
keycode 196 =
keycode 197 =
keycode 198 =
keycode 199 =
keycode 200 =
keycode 201 =
keycode 202 =
keycode 203 =
keycode 204 =
keycode 205 =
keycode 206 =
keycode 207 =
keycode 208 =
keycode 209 =
keycode 210 =
keycode 211 =
keycode 212 =
keycode 213 =
keycode 214 =
keycode 215 =
keycode 216 =
keycode 217 =
keycode 218 =
keycode 219 =
keycode 220 =
keycode 221 =
keycode 222 =
keycode 223 =
keycode 224 =
keycode 225 =
keycode 226 =
keycode 227 =
keycode 228 =
keycode 229 =
keycode 230 = XF86Favorites
keycode 231 =
keycode 232 =
keycode 233 =
keycode 234 =
keycode 235 =
keycode 236 = XF86Mail
keycode 237 = XF86AudioMedia
keycode 238 =
keycode 239 =
keycode 240 =
keycode 241 =
keycode 242 =
keycode 243 =
keycode 244 =
keycode 245 =
keycode 246 =
keycode 247 =
keycode 248 =
keycode 249 =
keycode 250 =
keycode 251 =
keycode 252 =
keycode 253 =
keycode 254 =
keycode 255 =

To clear modifier keys (mod3, mod4, mod5):


# xmodmap -e "clear mod3"

To use Win-keys as modifiers, add at the end of .Xmodmap:


add mod3    = Super_L

To get key codes (print contents of X events):


# xev

Sudoed apps look

2005-11-08T01:02:00.000-05:00

# sudo -i

# ln -sf /home/user/.kderc
# ln -sf /home/user/.gtk_qt_engine_rc
# ln -sf /home/user/.gtkrc-2.0
# ln -sf /home/user/.gtkrc
# ln -sf /home/user/.fonts.conf
# ln -sf /home/user/.icons

# cd .kde/share/config/
# ln -sf /home/user/.kde/share/config/kdeglobals
# ln -sf /home/user/.kde/share/config/konquerorrc
# ln -sf /home/user/.kde/share/config/kdesktoprc
# ln -sf /home/user/.kde/share/config/kcminputrc
# ln -sf /home/user/.kde/share/config/khelpcenterrc

# cd .kde/share/apps/
# ln -sf /home/user/.kde/share/apps/konqueror
# ln -sf /home/user/.kde/share/apps/konqiconview
# ln -sf /home/user/.kde/share/apps/konqlistview
# ln -sf /home/user/.kde/share/apps/konqsidebartng

- for KDE 3.5.1 link everything in /root/share/config/ instead of /root/.kde/share/config/ (bug or feature?)

GTK1 - themes and fonts

2005-11-07T00:41:00.000-05:00

- install GTK+ theme switcher

# sudo apt-get install gtk-theme-switch

- install themes (e.g. gtk-engines-industrial, gtk-engines-geramik, etc.)

# sudo apt-get install gtk-engines-theme

- run switcher

# switch

***

- alternatively, edit ~/.gtkrc (or /etc/gtk/gtkrc for global settings)


style "user-font"
{
fontset="-*-helvetica-medium-r-*-*-10-*-*-*-*-*-*-*"
}
widget_class "*" style "user-font"

- other good picks:

-*-helvetica-medium-r-*-*-12-*-*-*-*-*-*-*
-*-terminus-medium-r-*-*-12-*-*-*-*-*-*
-*-clean-medium-r-*-*-12-*-*-*-*-*-*-*
-*-fixed-medium-r-*-*-12-*-*-*-*-*-*-*
-*-fixed-medium-r-*-*-14-*-*-*-*-*-*-*
-*-fixed-medium-r-semicondensed-*-12-*-*-*-*-*-*
-*-lucida-medium-r-*-*-12-*-*-*-*-*-*-*

- to view fonts:

# xfontsel

Fonts - Firefox

2005-11-06T00:23:00.000-05:00

sharp non-antialiased fonts for LCDs at 1280x1024 / 96 dpi

Proportional: Sans Serif, size: 16
Serif: Times New Roman
Sans-serif: Arial
Monospace: Courier New, size: 13
Display resolution: 96 dpi
Minimum font size: 9

- additional tweaking through Firefox's about:config

font.FreeType2.enable
font.FreeType2.autohinted
font.FreeType2.unhinted
font.freetype2.shared-library

font.antialias.min
font.embedded_bitmaps.max

font.scale.aa_bitmap.enable
font.scale.aa_bitmap.always
font.scale.aa_bitmap.dark_text.gain
font.scale.aa_bitmap.dark_text.min
font.scale.aa_bitmap.light_text.gain
font.scale.aa_bitmap.light_text.min
font.scale.aa_bitmap.min
font.scale.aa_bitmap.oversize
font.scale.aa_bitmap.undersize

font.scale.bitmap.min
font.scale.bitmap.oversize
font.scale.bitmap.undersize

font.scale.tt_bitmap.dark_text.gain
font.scale.tt_bitmap.dark_text.min

font.scale.outline.min

Fonts - Konqueror

2005-11-05T00:18:00.000-05:00

sharp non-antialiased fonts for LCDs at 1280x1024 / 96 dpi

Settings->Configure Konqueror->Appearance

Standard font: Arial
Font size: 8

Settings->Configure Konqueror->Fonts

Minimum font size: 8
Medium font size: 11

Standard: Arial
Fixed: Courier New
Serif: Times New Roman
Sans serif: Arial
Cursive: Comic Sans MS
Fantasy: Impact

- use the same settings in KDE Help Center

Fonts - LCD optimized (similar to ClearType)

2005-11-04T00:08:00.001-05:00

https://wiki.ubuntu.com/Fonts

- set font rendering

# sudo dpkg-reconfigure fontconfig

- select: native, then: never, then: yes (if you want to use fonts like Artwiz)

***

- edit the font config file

# vi ~/.fonts.conf


 < ?xml version="1.0"? > 
 < !DOCTYPE fontconfig SYSTEM "fonts.dtd" > 
 < fontconfig > 

 < !--
     .fonts.conf
     release 6.3.23
     Licensed under GNU GPL
     ================================
     LCD optimized 96 dpi
     "Sharp'N'Clear" font settings
     with emphasis on 'msttcorefonts'

     tested on Ubuntu GNU/Linux 5.10
     ================================
     by Obi Bok
     Gmail: obibok
     http://linuxtuneup.blogspot.com
     ================================
     Why was this conceived?

     - some font families look better hinted by Byte Code Interpreter (BCI)
       while other fonts look better hinted by Auto-Hinter
     - hinting type affects italic and bold fonts differently
     - antialiasing needs to be adjusted according to font families and sizes
     
     Essentially, there is no one single rule that works for all fonts.

     NOTE:
     - Verdana @ 8pt doesn't render '2' and '6' right
     - Arial shows 'Z' distorted in Firefox 1.5
-- > 

 < !--
     Make font sizes match the dpi set in Xorg.

     Increase or decrease this value if fonts are too small or too large
     for your screen resolution.

     FIXME: this only affects QT-based apps?
-- > 
 < match target="pattern" > 
  < edit name="dpi" mode="assign" > 
   < double > 96 < /double > 
  < /edit > 
 < /match > 

 < !--
     Enable anti-aliasing.

     This only works for outline and scalable fonts.
     Bitmap and PostScript fonts do not get anti-aliased.

     FIXME: is this correct?
-- > 
 < match target="font" > 
  < edit name="antialias" mode="assign" > 
   < bool > true < /bool > 
  < /edit > 
 < /match > 

 < !--
     Set sub-pixel order if not detected.

     "X knows the sub pixel order already, and if this is enabled as well,
     Freetype produces some very strange results. However, if you do still
     have problems, consider (...) 'rgb' (the standard for LCD monitors),
     'bgr' (unusual), 'vrgb' (vertical rgb, if you have a monitor that
     has been rotated by 90 degrees[1]), 'vgbr' (as vrgb, but very rare)."
      < http://www.linuxquestions.org/linux/answers/Hardware/     LCD_TFT_Monitor_Configuration_in_X_Org > 

     Find out your LCD's sub-pixel order:
      < http://grc.com/image/cleartype2c.gif > 
-- > 
 < match target="font" > 
  < test qual="all" name="rgba" compare="eq" > 
   < const > unknown < /const > 
  < /test > 
  < edit name="rgba" mode="assign" > 
   < const > rgb < /const > 
  < /edit > 
 < /match > 

 < !--
     Sub-pixel hinting via BCI enabled by default if compiled in.

     "Whole-pixel anti-aliasing does not represent a useful solution for
     improving small point-size type. (...) By 'borrowing' sub-pixels from
     adjacent whole pixels, we can fine-tune the placement and width of typeface
     features with three times more horizontal accuracy then ever before!"
      < http://grc.com/ctwhat.htm > 
-- > 

 < !--
     Disable anti-aliasing for select fonts based on size and style.

     | font                  | WinXP | Linux |
     =========================================
     Andale Mono IPA  14 13
     Arial   12 13
     Arial Black  12 -
     Arial Narrow  14 13
     Berling Antiqua  12 13
     Book Antiqua  12 13
     Bookdings   0 ?
     Bookman Old Style  22 13
     Century Gothic  16 16
     Comic Sans MS  11 9/11
     Courier New  26 22
     Franklin Gothic Medium 12 10/12
     Frutiger Linotype  12 10/12
     Garamond   18 13/19
     Georgia   12 12/13
     Impact   16 0
     Kartika   12 16
     Lucida Console  12 13
     Lucida Sans Typewriter 12 12
     Lucida Sans Unicode 12 10/13
     Marlett   ? ?
     Microsoft Sans Serif 12 12/13
     Palatino Linotype  12 13
     SylfaenARM   - 13
     Symbol   12 ?
     Tahoma   12 12/13
     Times New Roman  12 13
     Trebuchet MS  12 12
     Verdana   12 12
     Vrinda   12 17
     Webdings   20 ?
     Wingdings   20 ?
     =========================================

     "The relationship of pixels to points depends on the number of pixels
     per inch, which is typically some 'standard' value corresponding to
     default screen fonts. For example, MS Windows has two standard sets of
     screen fonts initially designed for IBM display systems: 'small' (VGA)
     and 'large' (8514/A). 'Small' fonts are 96 pixels per inch, 'large' are
     120. Macintosh systems render type at a nominal 72 pixels per inch, i.e.
     one pixel = one point. Some display systems using scalable screen fonts
     allow fine tuning of pixels per inch to suit user preferences."
      < http://www.hpaa.com/css1/pxnpts.asp > 

     X pt * 96 dpi / 72 dpi = Y px
-- > 

 < !--
     font group #1: normal roman anti-aliased above 10pt/13.4px
-- > 
 < match target="font" > 
  < test qual="any" name="family" compare="eq" > 
   < string > Franklin Gothic Medium < /string > 
   < string > Frutiger Linotype < /string > 
   < !-- Lucida Sans Unicode has no italic and uses artificial oblique -- > 
   < string > Lucida Sans Unicode < /string > 
  < /test > 
  < test qual="any" name="pixelsize" compare="less_eq" > 
   < double > 13.4 < /double > 
  < /test > 
  < test qual="any" name="weight" compare="less_eq" > 
   < const > medium < /const > 
  < /test > 
  < test qual="any" name="slant" compare="eq" > 
   < const > roman < /const > 
  < /test > 
  < edit name="antialias" mode="assign" > 
   < bool > false < /bool > 
  < /edit > 
 < /match > 

 < !--
     font group #2: normal roman anti-aliased above 11pt/14.7px

     Must use 15px instead of 14.7px for this to work in QT-based apps
-- > 
 < match target="font" > 
  < test qual="any" name="family" compare="eq" > 
   < !-- Comic Sans MS has no italic and uses artificial oblique -- > 
   < string > Comic Sans MS < /string > 
  < /test > 
  < test qual="any" name="pixelsize" compare="less_eq" > 
   < double > 15 < /double > 
  < /test > 
  < test qual="any" name="weight" compare="less_eq" > 
   < const > medium < /const > 
  < /test > 
  < test qual="any" name="slant" compare="eq" > 
   < const > roman < /const > 
  < /test > 
  < edit name="antialias" mode="assign" > 
   < bool > false < /bool > 
  < /edit > 
 < /match > 

 < !--
     font group #3: normal roman anti-aliased above 12pt/16px
     
     Must use at least 16.1px instead of 16px for this to work in Firefox
-- > 
 < match target="font" > 
  < test qual="any" name="family" compare="eq" > 
   < string > Georgia < /string > 
   < string > Lucida Sans < /string > 
   < string > Lucida Sans Typewriter < /string > 
   < !-- Microsoft Sans Serif has no italic and uses artificial oblique -- > 
   < string > Microsoft Sans Serif < /string > 
   < !-- Tahoma has no italic and uses artificial oblique -- > 
   < string > Tahoma < /string > 
   < string > Trebuchet MS < /string > 
   < string > Verdana < /string > 
  < /test > 
  < test qual="any" name="pixelsize" compare="less_eq" > 
   < double > 16.1 < /double > 
  < /test > 
  < test qual="any" name="weight" compare="less_eq" > 
   < const > medium < /const > 
  < /test > 
  < test qual="any" name="slant" compare="eq" > 
   < const > roman < /const > 
  < /test > 
  < edit name="antialias" mode="assign" > 
   < bool > false < /bool > 
  < /edit > 
 < /match > 

 < !--
     font group #4: normal roman anti-aliased above 13pt/17.4px
-- > 
 < match target="font" > 
  < test qual="any" name="family" compare="eq" > 
   < string > Arial < /string > 
   < string > Arial Narrow < /string > 
   < string > Berling Antiqua < /string > 
   < string > Book Antiqua < /string > 
   < string > Bookman Old Style < /string > 
   < string > Garamond < /string > 
   < !-- Lucida Console has no italic and uses artificial oblique -- > 
   < string > Lucida Console < /string > 
   < string > Palatino Linotype < /string > 
   < string > SylfaenARM < /string > 
   < string > Times New Roman < /string > 
  < /test > 
  < test qual="any" name="pixelsize" compare="less_eq" > 
   < double > 17.4 < /double > 
  < /test > 
  < test qual="any" name="weight" compare="less_eq" > 
   < const > medium < /const > 
  < /test > 
  < test qual="any" name="slant" compare="eq" > 
   < const > roman < /const > 
  < /test > 
  < edit name="antialias" mode="assign" > 
   < bool > false < /bool > 
  < /edit > 
 < /match > 

 < !--
     font group #5: normal roman anti-aliased above 16pt/21.4px
-- > 
 < match target="font" > 
  < test qual="any" name="family" compare="eq" > 
   < string > Century Gothic < /string > 
   < string > Kartika < /string > 
  < /test > 
  < test qual="any" name="pixelsize" compare="less_eq" > 
   < double > 21.4 < /double > 
  < /test > 
  < test qual="any" name="weight" compare="less_eq" > 
   < const > medium < /const > 
  < /test > 
  < test qual="any" name="slant" compare="eq" > 
   < const > roman < /const > 
  < /test > 
  < edit name="antialias" mode="assign" > 
   < bool > false < /bool > 
  < /edit > 
 < /match > 

 < !--
     font group #6: normal roman anti-aliased above 17pt/23px
-- > 
 < match target="font" > 
  < test qual="any" name="family" compare="eq" > 
   < string > Vrinda < /string > 
  < /test > 
  < test qual="any" name="pixelsize" compare="less_eq" > 
   < double > 23 < /double > 
  < /test > 
  < test qual="any" name="weight" compare="less_eq" > 
   < const > medium < /const > 
  < /test > 
  < test qual="any" name="slant" compare="eq" > 
   < const > roman < /const > 
  < /test > 
  < edit name="antialias" mode="assign" > 
   < bool > false < /bool > 
  < /edit > 
 < /match > 

 < !--
     font group #7: normal roman anti-aliased above 22pt/29.4px
-- > 
 < match target="font" > 
  < test qual="any" name="family" compare="eq" > 
   < string > Courier New < /string > 
  < /test > 
  < test qual="any" name="pixelsize" compare="less_eq" > 
   < double > 29.4 < /double > 
  < /test > 
  < test qual="any" name="weight" compare="less_eq" > 
   < const > medium < /const > 
  < /test > 
  < test qual="any" name="slant" compare="eq" > 
   < const > roman < /const > 
  < /test > 
  < edit name="antialias" mode="assign" > 
   < bool > false < /bool > 
  < /edit > 
 < /match > 

 < !--
     font group #8: bold roman anti-aliased above 9pt/12px
-- > 
 < match target="font" > 
  < test qual="any" name="family" compare="eq" > 
   < string > Georgia < /string > 
  < /test > 
  < test qual="any" name="pixelsize" compare="less_eq" > 
   < double > 12 < /double > 
  < /test > 
  < test qual="any" name="weight" compare="more" > 
   < const > medium < /const > 
  < /test > 
  < test qual="any" name="slant" compare="eq" > 
   < const > roman < /const > 
  < /test > 
  < edit name="antialias" mode="assign" > 
   < bool > false < /bool > 
  < /edit > 
 < /match > 

 < !--
     font group #9: bold roman anti-aliased above 10pt/13.4px
-- > 
 < match target="font" > 
  < test qual="any" name="family" compare="eq" > 
   < string > Tahoma < /string > 
   < string > Verdana < /string > 
  < /test > 
  < test qual="any" name="pixelsize" compare="less_eq" > 
   < double > 13.4 < /double > 
  < /test > 
  < test qual="any" name="weight" compare="more" > 
   < const > medium < /const > 
  < /test > 
  < test qual="any" name="slant" compare="eq" > 
   < const > roman < /const > 
  < /test > 
  < edit name="antialias" mode="assign" > 
   < bool > false < /bool > 
  < /edit > 
 < /match > 

 < !--
     font group #10: bold roman anti-aliased above 12pt/16px
-- > 
 < match target="font" > 
  < test qual="any" name="family" compare="eq" > 
   < string > Courier New < /string > 
  < /test > 
  < test qual="any" name="pixelsize" compare="less_eq" > 
   < double > 16 < /double > 
  < /test > 
  < test qual="any" name="weight" compare="more" > 
   < const > medium < /const > 
  < /test > 
  < test qual="any" name="slant" compare="eq" > 
   < const > roman < /const > 
  < /test > 
  < edit name="antialias" mode="assign" > 
   < bool > false < /bool > 
  < /edit > 
 < /match > 

 < !--
     Enable FreeType Auto-Hinter for select fonts.

     Auto-Hinter is disabled by default if Bytecode Interpreter was compiled in.
     Some Linux "native" fonts look better hinted by Auto-Hinter,
     usually in sizes 11pt-13pt; others look better hinted by BCI.
-- > 

 < !--
     Set Auto-Hinter to full hinting style.

     'slight' and 'medium' hinting often produce pixel discoloration.
-- > 
 < match target="font" > 
  < edit name="hintstyle" mode="assign" > 
   < const > hintfull < /const > 
  < /edit > 
 < /match > 

 < !--
     font group #11: hinted via Auto-Hinter
-- > 
 < match target="font" > 
  < test qual="any" name="family" compare="eq" > 
   < string > Bitstream Charter < /string > 
   < string > Courier 10 Pitch < /string > 
   < string > DejaVu Sans Condensed < /string > 
   < string > DejaVu Serif Condensed < /string > 
   < string > FreeMono < /string > 
   < string > FreeSans < /string > 
   < string > FreeSerif < /string > 
   < string > Luxi Mono < /string > 
   < string > Luxi Sans < /string > 
   < string > Luxi Serif < /string > 
   < string > MgOpen Canonica < /string > 
   < string > MgOpen Cosmetica < /string > 
   < string > MgOpen Modata < /string > 
   < string > MgOpen Moderna < /string > 
   < string > URW Bookman L < /string > 
   < string > URW Chancery L < /string > 
   < string > URW Gothic L < /string > 
   < string > URW Palladio L < /string > 
  < /test > 
  < edit name="autohint" mode="assign" > 
   < bool > true < /bool > 
  < /edit > 
 < /match > 

 < !--
     font group #12: normal italic hinted via Auto-Hinter at 9-10pt

     Arial hinted via BCI at 9pt has distorted 'y', at 10pt - '2'
-- > 
 < match target="font" > 
  < test qual="any" name="family" compare="eq" > 
   < string > Arial < /string > 
  < /test > 
  < test qual="any" name="pixelsize" compare="more_eq" > 
   < double > 12 < /double > 
  < /test > 
  < test qual="any" name="pixelsize" compare="less_eq" > 
   < double > 13.4 < /double > 
  < /test > 
  < test qual="any" name="weight" compare="less_eq" > 
   < const > medium < /const > 
  < /test > 
  < test qual="any" name="slant" compare="not_eq" > 
   < const > roman < /const > 
  < /test > 
  < edit name="autohint" mode="assign" > 
   < bool > true < /bool > 
  < /edit > 
 < /match > 

 < !--
     font group #13: normal italic hinted via Auto-Hinter at 12pt

     This fixes distorted 'K'
-- > 
 < match target="font" > 
  < test qual="any" name="family" compare="eq" > 
   < string > Book Antiqua < /string > 
  < /test > 
  < test qual="any" name="pixelsize" compare="eq" > 
   < double > 16 < /double > 
  < /test > 
  < test qual="any" name="weight" compare="less_eq" > 
   < const > medium < /const > 
  < /test > 
  < test qual="any" name="slant" compare="not_eq" > 
   < const > roman < /const > 
  < /test > 
  < edit name="autohint" mode="assign" > 
   < bool > true < /bool > 
  < /edit > 
 < /match > 

 < !--
     font group #14: normal italic hinted via Auto-Hinter at all sizes
-- > 
 < match target="font" > 
  < test qual="any" name="family" compare="eq" > 
   < !-- 10, 11, 12 -- > 
   < string > Frutiger Linotype < /string > 
   < !--  8-9: 'z', '2'; 10-15, 17, 19: 'z' -- > 
   < string > Times New Roman < /string > 
   < !-- 9-10: 'N' 'Q'; 12: 'w', 'C', 'D', 'O', 'Q', 'R', '2', '9', '0' -- > 
   < string > Verdana < /string > 
  < /test > 
  < test qual="any" name="weight" compare="less_eq" > 
   < const > medium < /const > 
  < /test > 
  < test qual="any" name="slant" compare="not_eq" > 
   < const > roman < /const > 
  < /test > 
  < edit name="autohint" mode="assign" > 
   < bool > true < /bool > 
  < /edit > 
 < /match > 

 < !--
     Set minimum allowed size to avoid illegible fonts.
-- > 
 < !-- 7pt in QT-based apps -- > 
 < match target="pattern" > 
  < test qual="any" name="size" compare="less" > 
   < double > 7 < /double > 
  < /test > 
  < edit name="size" mode="assign" > 
   < double > 7 < /double > 
  < /edit > 
 < /match > 

 < !-- 9.4px (7pt) in GTK-based apps -- > 
 < match target="pattern" > 
  < test qual="any" name="pixelsize" compare="less" > 
   < double > 9.4 < /double > 
  < /test > 
  < edit name="pixelsize" mode="assign" > 
   < double > 9.4 < /double > 
  < /edit > 
 < /match > 

 < !--
     TODO: Create rules limiting minimum sizes for these *bold* fonts:

     Andale Mono | Andale Mono IPA
     Arial
     Arial Narrow
     Berling Antiqua
     Book Antiqua
     Bookman Old Style
     Century Gothic
     Comic Sans MS
     Courier New
     Franklin Gothic Medium
     Frutiger Linotype
     Garamond
     Georgia
     Kartika
     Lucida Console
     Lucida Sans Typewriter
     Lucida Sans Unicode
     Microsoft Sans Serif
     Palatino | Palatino Linotype
     SylfaenARM
     Tahoma
     Times New Roman
     Trebuchet MS
     Verdana
     Vrinda
-- > 

 < !--
     font group #15: bold fonts no smaller than 10.7px (8pt)

     FIXME: for Firefox and other GTK-based apps?
-- > 
 < match target="font" > 
  < test qual="any" name="family" compare="eq" > 
   < string > Arial < /string > 
  < /test > 
  < test qual="any" name="pixelsize" compare="less" > 
   < double > 10.7 < /double > 
  < /test > 
  < test qual="any" name="weight" compare="more" > 
   < const > medium < /const > 
  < /test > 
  < edit name="pixelsize" mode="assign" > 
   < double > 10.7 < /double > 
  < /edit > 
 < /match > 

 < !--
     Anti-alias fonts with "fake" styles.

     FIXME: QT only? GTK? Firefox?
-- > 
 < !-- FIXME: dirty_hack(tm) - fontconfig reports syntax errors -- > 
 < match target="font" > 
  < test qual="any" name="matrix" compare="not_eq" > 
   < double > 0 < /double > 
  < /test > 
 < !-- another approach - no errors but freezes Firefox 1.5 -- > 
 < !--
 < match target="font" > 
  < test qual="any" name="matrix" compare="eq" > 
   < name > matrix < /name > 
  < /test > 
-- > 
  < edit name="antialias" mode="assign" > 
   < bool > true < /bool > 
  < /edit > 
 < /match > 

 < !--
     Substitute unavailable and/or unwanted fonts.

     Aliases will not work if the actual fonts are installed.
     Replacing font family works in Firefox (FIXME: and other GTK-based apps?)
     QT-based apps also need font foundry replaced.
     Grouping fonts for substitution doesn't work in Firefox, so we need each
     font family replaced individually.
-- > 

 < !--
     sans-serif
     
     "If the font still has no generic name, add sans-serif"
     /etc/fonts.conf

     Therefore, we only substitute what we need.
-- > 
 < match target="pattern" > 
  < test qual="any" name="family" compare="eq" > 
   < string > Bitstream Charter < /string > 
  < /test > 
  < edit name="family" mode="prepend" binding="same" > 
   < string > Arial < /string > 
  < /edit > 
 < /match > 

 < match target="pattern" > 
  < test qual="any" name="family" compare="eq" > 
   < string > Bitstream Vera Sans < /string > 
  < /test > 
  < edit name="family" mode="prepend" binding="same" > 
   < string > Arial < /string > 
  < /edit > 
 < /match > 

 < match target="pattern" > 
  < test qual="any" name="family" compare="eq" > 
   < string > DejaVu Sans < /string > 
  < /test > 
  < edit name="family" mode="prepend" binding="same" > 
   < string > Arial < /string > 
  < /edit > 
 < /match > 

 < match target="pattern" > 
  < test qual="any" name="family" compare="eq" > 
   < string > DejaVu Sans Condensed < /string > 
  < /test > 
  < edit name="family" mode="prepend" binding="same" > 
   < string > Arial < /string > 
  < /edit > 
 < /match > 

 < match target="pattern" > 
  < test qual="any" name="family" compare="eq" > 
   < string > FreeSans < /string > 
  < /test > 
  < edit name="family" mode="prepend" binding="same" > 
   < string > Arial < /string > 
  < /edit > 
 < /match > 

 < match target="pattern" > 
  < test qual="any" name="family" compare="eq" > 
   < string > Helvetica < /string > 
  < /test > 
  < edit name="family" mode="prepend" binding="same" > 
   < string > Arial < /string > 
  < /edit > 
 < /match > 

 < match target="pattern" > 
  < test qual="any" name="family" compare="eq" > 
   < string > Lucida < /string > 
  < /test > 
  < edit name="family" mode="prepend" binding="same" > 
   < string > Arial < /string > 
  < /edit > 
 < /match > 

 < match target="pattern" > 
  < test qual="any" name="family" compare="eq" > 
   < !-- FIXME: may need to use "Lucida Bright" instead -- > 
   < string > LucidaBright < /string > 
  < /test > 
  < edit name="family" mode="prepend" binding="same" > 
   < string > Arial < /string > 
  < /edit > 
 < /match > 

 < match target="pattern" > 
  < test qual="any" name="family" compare="eq" > 
   < string > Lucida Bright < /string > 
  < /test > 
  < edit name="family" mode="prepend" binding="same" > 
   < string > Arial < /string > 
  < /edit > 
 < /match > 

 < match target="pattern" > 
  < test qual="any" name="family" compare="eq" > 
   < string > Luxi Sans < /string > 
  < /test > 
  < edit name="family" mode="prepend" binding="same" > 
   < string > Arial < /string > 
  < /edit > 
 < /match > 

 < match target="pattern" > 
  < test qual="any" name="family" compare="eq" > 
   < string > MgOpen Cosmetica < /string > 
  < /test > 
  < edit name="family" mode="prepend" binding="same" > 
   < string > Arial < /string > 
  < /edit > 
 < /match > 

 < match target="pattern" > 
  < test qual="any" name="family" compare="eq" > 
   < string > MgOpen Modata < /string > 
  < /test > 
  < edit name="family" mode="prepend" binding="same" > 
   < string > Arial < /string > 
  < /edit > 
 < /match > 

 < match target="pattern" > 
  < test qual="any" name="family" compare="eq" > 
   < string > MgOpen Moderna < /string > 
  < /test > 
  < edit name="family" mode="prepend" binding="same" > 
   < string > Arial < /string > 
  < /edit > 
 < /match > 

 < match target="pattern" > 
  < test qual="any" name="family" compare="eq" > 
   < string > System < /string > 
  < /test > 
  < edit name="family" mode="prepend" binding="same" > 
   < string > Arial < /string > 
  < /edit > 
 < /match > 

 < match target="pattern" > 
  < test qual="any" name="family" compare="eq" > 
   < string > URW Gothic L < /string > 
  < /test > 
  < edit name="family" mode="prepend" binding="same" > 
   < string > Arial < /string > 
  < /edit > 
 < /match > 

 < !--
     FIXME: Verdana renders characters '2' and '6' slightly distorted
            so it will be substituted with Arial.
-- > 
 < match target="pattern" > 
  < test qual="any" name="family" compare="eq" > 
   < string > Verdana < /string > 
  < /test > 
  < edit name="family" mode="prepend" binding="same" > 
   < string > Arial < /string > 
  < /edit > 
 < /match > 

 < !--
     serif
-- > 
 < match target="pattern" > 
  < test qual="any" name="family" compare="eq" > 
   < string > Bitstream Vera Serif < /string > 
  < /test > 
  < edit name="family" mode="prepend" binding="same" > 
   < string > Georgia < /string > 
  < /edit > 
 < /match > 

 < match target="pattern" > 
  < test qual="any" name="family" compare="eq" > 
   < string > DejaVu Serif < /string > 
  < /test > 
  < edit name="family" mode="prepend" binding="same" > 
   < string > Georgia < /string > 
  < /edit > 
 < /match > 

 < match target="pattern" > 
  < test qual="any" name="family" compare="eq" > 
   < string > DejaVu Serif Condensed < /string > 
  < /test > 
  < edit name="family" mode="prepend" binding="same" > 
   < string > Georgia < /string > 
  < /edit > 
 < /match > 

 < match target="pattern" > 
  < test qual="any" name="family" compare="eq" > 
   < string > FreeSerif < /string > 
  < /test > 
  < edit name="family" mode="prepend" binding="same" > 
   < string > Georgia < /string > 
  < /edit > 
 < /match > 

 < match target="pattern" > 
  < test qual="any" name="family" compare="eq" > 
   < string > Luxi Serif < /string > 
  < /test > 
  < edit name="family" mode="prepend" binding="same" > 
   < string > Georgia < /string > 
  < /edit > 
 < /match > 

 < match target="pattern" > 
  < test qual="any" name="family" compare="eq" > 
   < string > MgOpen Canonica < /string > 
  < /test > 
  < edit name="family" mode="prepend" binding="same" > 
   < string > Georgia < /string > 
  < /edit > 
 < /match > 

 < match target="pattern" > 
  < test qual="any" name="family" compare="eq" > 
   < string > New Century Schoolbook < /string > 
  < /test > 
  < edit name="family" mode="prepend" binding="same" > 
   < string > Georgia < /string > 
  < /edit > 
 < /match > 

 < match target="pattern" > 
  < test qual="any" name="family" compare="eq" > 
   < string > New York < /string > 
  < /test > 
  < edit name="family" mode="prepend" binding="same" > 
   < string > Georgia < /string > 
  < /edit > 
 < /match > 

 < match target="pattern" > 
  < test qual="any" name="family" compare="eq" > 
   < string > Palatino < /string > 
  < /test > 
  < edit name="family" mode="prepend" binding="same" > 
   < string > Georgia < /string > 
  < /edit > 
 < /match > 

 < match target="pattern" > 
  < test qual="any" name="family" compare="eq" > 
   < string > Times < /string > 
  < /test > 
  < edit name="family" mode="prepend" binding="same" > 
   < string > Georgia < /string > 
  < /edit > 
 < /match > 

 < match target="pattern" > 
  < test qual="any" name="family" compare="eq" > 
   < string > URW Bookman L < /string > 
  < /test > 
  < edit name="family" mode="prepend" binding="same" > 
   < string > Georgia < /string > 
  < /edit > 
 < /match > 

 < match target="pattern" > 
  < test qual="any" name="family" compare="eq" > 
   < string > URW Palladio L < /string > 
  < /test > 
  < edit name="family" mode="prepend" binding="same" > 
   < string > Georgia < /string > 
  < /edit > 
 < /match > 

 < !--
     monospace
-- > 
 < match target="pattern" > 
  < test qual="any" name="family" compare="eq" > 
   < string > Andale Mono < /string > 
  < /test > 
  < edit name="family" mode="prepend" binding="same" > 
   < string > Courier New < /string > 
  < /edit > 
 < /match > 

 < match target="pattern" > 
  < test qual="any" name="family" compare="eq" > 
   < string > Bitstream Vera Sans Mono < /string > 
  < /test > 
  < edit name="family" mode="prepend" binding="same" > 
   < string > Courier New < /string > 
  < /edit > 
 < /match > 

 < match target="pattern" > 
  < test qual="any" name="family" compare="eq" > 
   < string > Courier < /string > 
  < /test > 
  < edit name="family" mode="prepend" binding="same" > 
   < string > Courier New < /string > 
  < /edit > 
 < /match > 

 < match target="pattern" > 
  < test qual="any" name="family" compare="eq" > 
   < string > DejaVu Sans Mono < /string > 
  < /test > 
  < edit name="family" mode="prepend" binding="same" > 
   < string > Courier New < /string > 
  < /edit > 
 < /match > 

 < match target="pattern" > 
  < test qual="any" name="family" compare="eq" > 
   < string > Fixedsys < /string > 
  < /test > 
  < edit name="family" mode="prepend" binding="same" > 
   < string > Courier New < /string > 
  < /edit > 
 < /match > 

 < match target="pattern" > 
  < test qual="any" name="family" compare="eq" > 
   < string > FreeMono < /string > 
  < /test > 
  < edit name="family" mode="prepend" binding="same" > 
   < string > Courier New < /string > 
  < /edit > 
 < /match > 

 < match target="pattern" > 
  < test qual="any" name="family" compare="eq" > 
   < !-- FIXME: Ubuntu Wiki uses "Lucida Typewriter" instead -- > 
   < string > LucidaTypewriter < /string > 
  < /test > 
  < edit name="family" mode="prepend" binding="same" > 
   < string > Courier New < /string > 
  < /edit > 
 < /match > 

 < match target="pattern" > 
  < test qual="any" name="family" compare="eq" > 
   < string > Lucida Typewriter < /string > 
  < /test > 
  < edit name="family" mode="prepend" binding="same" > 
   < string > Courier New < /string > 
  < /edit > 
 < /match > 

 < match target="pattern" > 
  < test qual="any" name="family" compare="eq" > 
   < string > Luxi Mono < /string > 
  < /test > 
  < edit name="family" mode="prepend" binding="same" > 
   < string > Courier New < /string > 
  < /edit > 
 < /match > 

 < match target="pattern" > 
  < test qual="any" name="family" compare="eq" > 
   < string > Monaco < /string > 
  < /test > 
  < edit name="family" mode="prepend" binding="same" > 
   < string > Courier New < /string > 
  < /edit > 
 < /match > 

 < match target="pattern" > 
  < test qual="any" name="family" compare="eq" > 
   < string > Terminal < /string > 
  < /test > 
  < edit name="family" mode="prepend" binding="same" > 
   < string > Courier New < /string > 
  < /edit > 
 < /match > 

 < !--
     cursive
-- > 
 < match target="pattern" > 
  < test qual="any" name="family" compare="eq" > 
   < string > Apple Chancery < /string > 
  < /test > 
  < edit name="family" mode="prepend" binding="same" > 
   < string > Comic Sans MS < /string > 
  < /edit > 
 < /match > 

 < match target="pattern" > 
  < test qual="any" name="family" compare="eq" > 
   < string > Lucida Handwriting < /string > 
  < /test > 
  < edit name="family" mode="prepend" binding="same" > 
   < string > Comic Sans MS < /string > 
  < /edit > 
 < /match > 

 < match target="pattern" > 
  < test qual="any" name="family" compare="eq" > 
   < string > URW Chancery L < /string > 
  < /test > 
  < edit name="family" mode="prepend" binding="same" > 
   < string > Comic Sans MS < /string > 
  < /edit > 
 < /match > 

 < match target="pattern" > 
  < test qual="any" name="family" compare="eq" > 
   < string > Zapf Chancery < /string > 
  < /test > 
  < edit name="family" mode="prepend" binding="same" > 
   < string > Comic Sans MS < /string > 
  < /edit > 
 < /match > 

 < !--
     fantasy
-- > 
 < match target="pattern" > 
  < test qual="any" name="family" compare="eq" > 
   < string > Copperplate < /string > 
  < /test > 
  < edit name="family" mode="prepend" binding="same" > 
   < string > Impact < /string > 
  < /edit > 
 < /match > 

 < match target="pattern" > 
  < test qual="any" name="family" compare="eq" > 
   < string > Desdemona < /string > 
  < /test > 
  < edit name="family" mode="prepend" binding="same" > 
   < string > Impact < /string > 
  < /edit > 
 < /match > 

 < match target="pattern" > 
  < test qual="any" name="family" compare="eq" > 
   < string > Kino < /string > 
  < /test > 
  < edit name="family" mode="prepend" binding="same" > 
   < string > Impact < /string > 
  < /edit > 
 < /match > 

 < match target="pattern" > 
  < test qual="any" name="family" compare="eq" > 
   < string > Techno < /string > 
  < /test > 
  < edit name="family" mode="prepend" binding="same" > 
   < string > Impact < /string > 
  < /edit > 
 < /match > 

 < !--
     Provide required aliases for standard names.
-- > 
 < alias > 
  < family > sans-serif < /family > 
   < prefer > 
    < family > Arial < /family > 
   < /prefer > 
 < /alias > 

 < alias > 
  < family > serif < /family > 
   < prefer > 
    < family > Georgia < /family > 
   < /prefer > 
 < /alias > 

 < alias > 
  < family > monospace < /family > 
   < prefer > 
    < family > Courier New < /family > 
   < /prefer > 
 < /alias > 

 < alias > 
  < family > cursive < /family > 
   < prefer > 
    < family > Comic Sans MS < /family > 
   < /prefer > 
 < /alias > 

 < alias > 
  < family > fantasy < /family > 
   < prefer > 
    < family > Impact < /family > 
   < /prefer > 
 < /alias > 

 < /fontconfig >

Fonts - custom TrueType

2005-11-03T23:53:00.000-05:00

- put custom TrueType fonts in a directory

/usr/share/fonts/truetype/custom

- create font indices for X

# cd /usr/share/fonts/truetype/custom
# sudo mkfontscale
# sudo mkfontdir

- add the new font path in X config

# vi /etc/X11/xorg.conf


FontPath "/usr/share/fonts/truetype/custom"

- rebuild font information cache files

# sudo fc-cache -f -v

***

- add the new font path in fontconfig

# vi /etc/fonts/local.conf

Fonts - more TTF

2005-11-02T15:34:00.000-05:00

- make a list of available installable fonts

# NEWFONTS=`dpkg -l 'ttf-*' | grep '^[up]n\b' | awk '{print $2}'`
# echo $NEWFONTS

- install all of them

# sudo apt-get install $NEWFONTS

***

- alternatively, install my recommended fonts

# sudo apt-get install ttf-bitstream-vera ttf-dejavu ttf-dustin ttf-f500 ttf-freefont ttf-gentium ttf-isabella ttf-junicode ttf-larabie-deco ttf-larabie-straight ttf-larabie-uncommon ttf-mgopen ttf-opensymbol ttf-staypuft ttf-summersby ttf-thryomanes ttf-ubuntu-title ttf-xfree86-nonfree

X-Window DPI

2005-11-01T20:09:00.000-05:00

# vi /etc/X11/xorg.conf


Section "Monitor"
# displaysize = {pixelsize}/{dpi}*25.4
#DisplaySize    169 135 # 1280x1024 192dpi
#DisplaySize    225 180 # 1280x1024 144dpi
#DisplaySize    270 216 # 1280x1024 120dpi
DisplaySize     338 270 # 1280x1024 96dpi
#DisplaySize    433 347 # 1280x1024 75dpi
#DisplaySize    451 361 # 1280x1024 72dpi